Red Sea · Status · September 2026

Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb: A Status Hub

Oil tanker in open water near a strait at dusk, illustrating shipping through the Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb during the 2026 disruption.

Both shores of the Bab el-Mandeb strait and the islands that sit in it have been under Houthi control since 11 September 2026, but no authority has declared the strait closed, and traffic through it, while down sharply, has not stopped. This page is a companion to our Strait of Hormuz hub: that page tracks the Gulf chokepoint, this one tracks the Red Sea approach, the Saudi pipeline that partly bypasses it, and the longer route around the Cape of Good Hope that some shipping has already switched to. Status as of 13 September 2026, with a date and source on every figure.

1. The short answer

The Bab el-Mandeb strait is not formally closed, but the Houthi movement now controls both of its shores and the islands inside it, and Red Sea shipping traffic is running roughly 60% below its level before the late-2023 attacks. On 11 September 2026, Houthi forces took the port of Mokha and the rest of Yemen's Red Sea coast, and by 12 September 2026 they controlled the Hanish islands and Mayyun, also called Perim, in the strait's narrowest section (Al Jazeera, 11 and 12 September 2026). No UKMTO, IMO, US MARAD or government notice has declared the strait closed; the MARAD advisory through 22 September 2026 describes high risk, not closure.

This is a status page, not a forecast. It sits alongside our Strait of Hormuz status hub, the reference for the Gulf chokepoint.

2. Where the numbers stand

Bab el-Mandeb carries less oil than the Strait of Hormuz but feeds the same route toward Suez, so a slowdown here shows up mainly in shipping cost.

IndicatorValueAs ofSource
Bab el-Mandeb oil transit4.2 million b/d, versus 9.3 million b/d in 2023H1 2025 (updated 3 March 2026)EIA World Oil Transit Chokepoints
Strait of Hormuz oil transit, for comparison20.9 million b/d, about five times the Bab el-Mandeb volumeH1 2025EIA
Red Sea shipping trafficAbout 60% below pre-late-2023 levels12 September 2026Reuters and AP via Voice of Emirates
Saudi Red Sea crude exportsFallen from 3.8 to 2.2 million b/d12 September 2026Voice of Emirates, citing Reuters and AP
Suez Canal transits and revenue since start of 20261,315 ships, $449 million (versus 1,243 ships, $368 million a year earlier)9 February 2026Suez Canal chief Osama Rabie via Egypt Today
Suez container capacity offered292,000 TEU a month, versus 4.1 million TEU a month in 20232025 (published 21 January 2026)Xeneta
Drewry World Container Index$4,476 per 40-foot container10 September 2026Drewry via The DCN
War risk insurance, Red Sea passage0.2% of ship value calm, 0.7% to 1.0% after incidents, per roughly seven-day passage9 February 2026Ship Universe
DisplacementOver 46,000 people displaced by the coastal offensivereported 11 September 2026UN, via dpa

The strait's width is reported two ways: dpa gives roughly 20 kilometers (11 September 2026), standard references give 26 kilometers, so treat it as 20 to 26 kilometers.

3. Who controls what, since when

The territorial picture changed fast in early September 2026.

  • 20 July 2026. The Houthi movement declares a naval blockade against Saudi Arabia.
  • 24 July 2026. Reporting describes the blockade as aimed specifically at Saudi-flagged vessels, not shipping in general.
  • 10 September 2026. The port city of Mokha, on Yemen's Red Sea coast, falls to Houthi forces (Al Jazeera, 11 September 2026).
  • 11 September 2026. Houthi forces take Mayyun (Perim) island and Yemen's whole Red Sea coastline across six districts. dpa-AFX reports the strait stays navigable, but that the Houthis can now "attack or disrupt ships more precisely than before." The Houthi Political Bureau calls navigation and trade in the Red Sea "safe and orderly."
  • 12 September 2026. Al Jazeera reports Houthi forces now control the Hanish islands, Mayyun and the entire Yemeni coast. Analyst Wolfgang Pusztai says the Houthis have "the real capability to shut down any maritime traffic through Bab al-Mandeb if they want to," a capability, not a declared closure.

Both readings are given side by side rather than resolved. No UKMTO, IMO, US MARAD or government notice has declared Bab el-Mandeb closed as of 12 September 2026, and the 20 July 2026 blockade targeted Saudi-flagged ships specifically.

4. The Saudi bypass: the East-West Pipeline

Saudi Arabia's main alternative to shipping crude past Bab el-Mandeb is the East-West Pipeline, also called Petroline, and it was shut down as a precaution on 11 September 2026 after a drone attack. The line runs 1,201 kilometers from the Abqaiq field to the Red Sea terminal at Yanbu. Capacity was 5 million b/d in 2018, with an expansion to 7 million b/d announced by Aramco in August 2019; dpa reported on 12 September 2026 that it can carry "up to seven million barrels a day," while Al Jazeera said the same day it had most recently carried 4 to 5 million b/d, or 4% to 5% of global supply.

The attack used several drones targeting the Riyadh and Medina regions; Saudi Arabia's foreign ministry said they "originated from Iraq, resulting in injuries and material damage" (Al Jazeera and Gulf News, 11 September 2026). The energy ministry called the shutdown "stopped as a precaution." No group claimed responsibility; a group calling itself the Islamic Resistance in Iraq denied involvement.

Not the first strike: an earlier attack on 10 April 2026 hit facilities in the Eastern Province, Riyadh and Yanbu, cutting throughput by roughly 700,000 b/d, with Saudi production down about 600,000 b/d (Malay Mail, 10 April 2026). A separate Hormuz bypass, ADCOP, from Habshan to Fujairah, has a capacity of 1.5 million b/d (EIA, 17 August 2012).

5. The long way round: diverting via the Cape of Good Hope

Shipping lines rerouting around the Cape of Good Hope face a trade-off measurable in miles, days and dollars. The Red Sea route between Asia and Europe is more than 3,000 nautical miles and roughly 10 days shorter than the Cape route (ING Research via South China Morning Post, accessed 12 September 2026). Surinder Brrar of Hong Kong Polytechnic University put the extra cost of the Cape diversion at roughly $30 to $50 per twenty-foot container in the same report.

A UNCTAD 2024 analysis quantifies the knock-on effects: a Singapore to Rotterdam round trip via the Cape runs about 29% longer, an India to Europe round trip stretches from 56 to 63 days, and emissions per Singapore to Northern Europe round trip run more than 70% higher. Contract rates from the Far East to Northern Europe were $2,010 per unit as of 21 January 2026, 58% above end-2023, and $2,308 to the Mediterranean, 45% above end-2023 (Xeneta).

War risk insurance for a Red Sea passage runs about 0.2% of ship value calm, 0.7% to 1.0% after an incident (Ship Universe, 9 February 2026). These costs explain why container capacity offered through Suez fell to about 292,000 TEU a month in 2025, against 4.1 million TEU a month in 2023 (Xeneta), even though the canal stayed open, logging 1,315 transits by 9 February 2026 (Egypt Today).

6. What it means for diesel and heating oil

The clearest, most dated link between the Red Sea crisis and a European fuel bill runs through India's diesel exports. Indian refineries supplied about 60% of the diesel shipped through Bab el-Mandeb toward Europe in August 2026, roughly 200,000 barrels a day (Business Today, 6 September 2026). That volume grew partly because Russian seaborne diesel exports fell: in the first 25 days of August 2026 they averaged 150,000 b/d, down 610,000 b/d from a year earlier. India's refining capacity stood at 258.1 million tonnes a year (Business Today).

This flow sits alongside the pricing mechanics on our other pages: refiners price diesel off a margin over crude, explained in our diesel crack spread entry and refining margin entry, a margin already elevated by the separate disruption on our Hormuz status hub. How that reaches a household bill is on our US diesel and heating oil prices page and pass-through effect entry; European gas storage, the floor under winter heating costs, is in our EU gas storage entry.

See how a change in fuel costs could move your own winter budget.

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7. Where to go next

This hub tracks the Red Sea and Bab el-Mandeb side of the 2026 disruption. For the Gulf side and the pricing mechanics behind any chokepoint, see:

8. Frequently asked questions

Is the Bab el-Mandeb strait closed?
Not formally. No authority, including UKMTO, the IMO, US MARAD or any government, has declared it closed as of 12 September 2026. Houthi forces control both shores and the islands as of 11 September 2026, and Red Sea traffic is about 60% below pre-late-2023 levels, but ships continue to transit.
What is the difference between this page and the Strait of Hormuz hub?
This page covers Bab el-Mandeb, the Saudi East-West Pipeline and the Cape diversion. Our Strait of Hormuz hub covers the Gulf chokepoint, which carried about five times as much oil, 20.9 million b/d against 4.2 million b/d, in the same period (EIA, H1 2025).
What happened to the Saudi East-West Pipeline?
It was shut down as a precaution on 11 September 2026 after a multi-drone attack that Saudi Arabia says originated from Iraq. The line normally carries 4 to 5 million barrels a day, and no group has claimed the attack.
How much longer is the route around the Cape of Good Hope?
A Singapore to Rotterdam round trip runs about 29% longer via the Cape, and the Asia-Europe route is more than 3,000 nautical miles, or roughly 10 days, longer than the Red Sea route (ING Research via SCMP; UNCTAD, 2024).
Does this affect diesel prices in Europe?
Indirectly, mainly through India, which supplied about 60% of the diesel moving via Bab el-Mandeb to Europe in August 2026, roughly 200,000 barrels a day, partly filling a gap from lower Russian seaborne exports that month (Business Today, 6 September 2026).
Do the Houthis and outside analysts agree on what is happening?
No. The Houthi Political Bureau said on 11 September 2026 that navigation in the Red Sea remains safe and orderly. Analyst Wolfgang Pusztai told Al Jazeera on 12 September 2026 that the Houthis have the real capability to shut down traffic if they choose to.

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